如何改革完善建筑业劳动工资制度

本介绍了建筑业劳动工资制度具体标志；改革劳动工资制度的作用，着重谈了建筑业劳动工资制度改革的几个方面；培育和发展劳动力市场为中心；建立新型工资分配机制及进一步加快完善行业劳保费用，统筹步伐促进社会保险体系的建立。     

云杉苗期和幼林期种间性状变异初探

根据云杉在南五台，宁长，长青三地试验的数据，对１－５年生苗木和幼森生长性状进行了试验分析，结果表明：不同种间高生长，发芽率，保存率存在极显著差异，这些苗期和幼林期的性状差异与地理经，纬度相关不紧密。初步选择出生良好，稳定性强的７，９，５，１号种。     

添加水对半干旱区沙质草地土壤氮有效性季节变化的影响(英文)

Water is usally thought of a limiting factor for the restoration of semi-arid ecosystem. In the growing season of 2006, a study was conducted to determine the effects of modeling precipitation on seasonal patterns in concentrations of soil-available nitrogen and to describe the seasonal patterns in soil nitrogen availability and seasonal variation in the rates of net nitrogen mineralization of topsoil at Daqinggou ecological station in Keerqin sand lands, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Manipulation of water (80 mm) was designed to be added to experiment plots of sandy grasslands in dry season. Water addition (W) treatment and control (CK) treatment were separately taken in six replications and randomly assigned in 12 plots (4 m×4 m for each) with 2-m buffers betweens. Results showed that the content of soil inorganic nitrogen and net nitrogen mineralization rate were not affected by adding water in sandy grassland of Keerqin sand lands. Net nitrogen mineralization rates ranged from 0.5 μg·g-1·month-1 to 4 μg·g-1·month-1. The highest values of soil inorganic nitrogen and net nitrogen mineralization occurred on October 15 in control plots. The seasonal changes of soil inorganic nitrogen contents exhibited "V" shape pattern that was related to seasonal patterns of soil ammonium-N (ascending trend) and nitrate-N transformation (descending trend).     

萃取余甘子籽油及其成分研究

利用超临界CO2萃取(SCDE)技术,采用响应面优化法(RSR),对广东惠州野生余甘子籽油的萃取进行了研究.结果表明,500g余甘子籽萃取余甘子籽油的最佳工艺条件为:萃取时间103min,萃取压力19 MPa,萃取温度35℃,在此工艺条件下余甘子籽油得率为26.13%±1.4%.通过GC-MS分析表明,余甘子籽油中含有16种脂肪酸,主要为油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和花生四烯酸等不饱和脂肪酸,总GC含量达91.33%.通过分析油的理化参数及生产成本表明,超临界CO2萃取余甘子籽油是一个好的方法,具有工业使用价值.     

森林资源资产评估理论、方法在实践中的探索

森林资源是国家最重要的自然资源,是国家富强、人民昌盛的重要物质财富。本文从森林资源资产评估的必要性和紧迫性入手,对森林资源资产评估理论、方法进行了探索,对森林资源资产评估过程中应注意的问题进行了分析,确立了符合实际的理论和方法,并应用于实践。     

库尔勒香梨砧木组织培养

试验选用库尔勒香梨矮化中间砧S系、F系中的品种嫩茎尖作为试验材料进行了离体增殖研究,结果表明,不同种类的基本培养基及不同浓度配比的植物生长调节剂对试管苗增殖的效果不同。M S培养基较A S、B5培养基更有利于矮化砧S系、F系茎的增殖,中等浓度的细胞分裂素(BA)与较低浓度的生长素(IBA)、赤霉素(GA3)配合使用效果更理想。综合茎质量、茎数量等指标认为:M S BA 1.0 m g/L IBA 0.05 m g/L GA31.0 m g/L是矮化砧S系、F系试管苗茎增殖的最佳培养基。     

华西箭竹对岷江冷杉林主要乔木树种幼苗结构及分布格局的影响

在亚高山岷江冷杉林中选取≤50 m2、50～150 m2和＞150 m2的林窗,每种类型内都包含3种华西箭竹盖度(≤20%、20%～50%和＞50%),共调查林窗9个.通过野外群落学调查,研究林窗内岷江冷杉、糙皮桦和川滇长尾槭这3种主要乔木树种幼苗的结构和分布格局.结果表明:1)在华西箭竹盖度大的林窗中,3个树种的各高度级幼苗都不多,林窗形成后,绝大多数林窗被华西箭竹植株定居,竹盖度对主要树种幼苗总密度以及岷江冷杉幼苗密度的影响显著(p＜0.05);2)华西箭竹盖度对岷江冷杉幼苗密度的影响最明显,主要是由于3个树种的生态学特性存在差异,岷江冷杉在没有华西箭竹分布或箭竹盖度小的地方优先更新;3)3种幼苗在9个林窗几乎全为聚集分布,这主要取决于幼苗生物学特性及林窗环境.林窗大小和华西箭竹盖度的综合作用对优势树种幼苗的结构和分布格局产生影响.     

2006年特大干旱条件下森林植被对土壤水分的影响

2006年四川发生了百年一遇的特大干旱。于旱期结束末,调查了蓬安县境内两座丘陵-石马寨(栎柏混交林)和碉堡梁(人工柏木林)上、中、下坡林地和林带中耕地及坡脚农田的土壤含水量;调查了四川盆地丘陵区内5个县9个乡镇17个小流域有无农田防护林条件下,稻田开裂起始时间和裂缝宽;以及按照自然地理条件相近、森林覆盖率有较大差异的原则,调查了宣汉县和达县5对乡镇(森林覆盖率高的乡镇森林覆盖率为28.26%～46.85%,平均为37.24%,相对应的低的乡镇森林覆盖率为12.75%～26.74%,平均为18.64%)内不同台地的土壤含水量。结果表明,混交林林地的保水能力强于纯林林地,林地的保水能力强于耕地,农田防护林对水稻具有庇护作用,森林覆盖率高的地区土壤保水能力强于森林覆盖率低的地区土壤。在干旱期末坡上、中、下部位的0～40 cm土层中,栎柏混交林林地的含水量比柏木纯林林地高出3%～7%,林地的土壤含水量比林带中的耕地高出0.7%～2.1%;栎柏混交林带中的耕地含水量比柏木纯林带中的耕地高出3%～6%,石马寨的坡脚农田含水量比碉堡梁的高出5%;在干旱期末不同台地0～40 cm土层中,与森林覆盖率低的地区相比,森林覆盖率高的地区水稻田含水量高3%～7%,二台土高4%～8%,三台土高2%～8%;有农田防护林的农田土壤开裂时间比无农田防护林的推迟5 d～20 d,裂口宽平均窄0.1 cm～3.1 cm。     

Using SSR markers to study the mechanism of 2n pollen formation in Populus × euramericana (Dode) Guinier and P. × popularis

? Using cytological methods and SSR DNA marker analysis, this study revealed the formation mechanisms and the genetic constitutions of the 2n pollen in Populus × euramericana (Dode) Guinier and P. × popularis.

? In P. × euramericana (Dode) Guinier, four abnormalities in microsporogenesis were observed: parallel spindle, fused spindle, tripolar spindle and premature cytokinesis. The first three can lead to first-division restitution (FDR) 2n pollen formation and the last one can form second-division restitution (SDR) 2n pollen. The SSR marker analysis results of parents and their tetraploidy filial generation confirmed that the genetic constitution of 2n pollen produced by P. × euramericana (Dode) Guinier was FDR.

? In P. × popularis, three of these abnormalities were observed: parallel spindle, fused spindle and premature cytokinesis. The SSR marker analysis results showed the genetic constitution of 2n pollen produced by P. × popularis was SDR. Natural 2n female gametes in P. × euramericana (Dode) Guinier are reported for the first time. SSR analysis indicated that natural 2n female gametes of P. × euramericana (Dode) Guinier did exist and were fertile, which could be FDR genetic constitution.

? The results from this study showed a great potential for using 2n gametes to produce polyploid poplar clones, which can be used effectively for polyploid breeding for poplar species in the section Aigeiros.

     

VC++结合MapObjects开发昌平区景观生态分析与规划信息系统

随着景观生态相关理论的深入发展以及GIS技术的日益成熟,两者结合日渐紧密.本文所介绍的景观生态分析与规划信息系统首先采用以VC (Visual C )结合MapObjects建立一个通用的GIS平台,并在此平台的基础上开发景观指数分析与景观规划等子模块.本系统主要用于景观指数的分析以及辅助景观规划.